Occurrence in Amherst & Connecticut Valley, Mass.
C19

Common migrant, but a rare breeder, and rapidly growing rarer. Earliest arrival, April 9; departs in October.

April - October

C20

Formerly a common summer resident; later a rare transient, only casual in summer; now markedly increasing; March 9–November 26.

March - November

C21

March - October

Habitat
wooded swamps, rivers, ponds
Nest Materials
tree cavity lined with down
19th-20th Century Field Notes
Raises 1 brood. Eggs 10-12, pale drab. Feeds on shells, insects, and vegetable matter.

—H.L. Clark, 1887

21st Century Conservation Notes

Least concern*